Subjectivizing adjectives as a mode of diplomatic language in Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema’s address to the 80th session of theUnited Nations General Assembly

Abstract

Our analytical approach draws on the discourse analysis frameworks developed by C. Kramsch (1991) and by P. Charaudeau and D. Maingueneau (2002). We apply this approach to the study of adjectives to demonstrate their subjective weight within diplomatic discourse—specifically, the address delivered by Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema during the debate at the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly. Our study reveals that this diplomatic style conveys significant subjectivity, discernible through two categories: qualifying adjectives and determinative adjectives. These categories serve as markers of a subjective perspective, allowing the Gabonese president to assert his presence within the discourse. They aim, on the one hand, to legitimize his coup d’état—framed euphemistically as a "liberation coup"—and, on the other, to denounce the injustices perpetrated by major international bodies like the UN against minor powers, such as African nations. The analysis uncovers various adjectival connotations (both positive and negative) as well as stylistic nuances expressing deference, irritation, solidarity, or a shared destiny. A predominance of adjectives conveying positive value over those with negative connotations emerges from the data. This linguistic choice anchors the address in a diplomatic rhetoric that aligns with African values ​​of respect, courtesy, and politeness.